{"id":32635,"date":"2026-10-24T04:47:55","date_gmt":"2026-10-24T07:47:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.mundoebook.cl\/?post_type=product&#038;p=32635"},"modified":"2026-11-01T13:31:56","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T16:31:56","slug":"los-partidos-politicos-i","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/wp.mundoebook.cl\/?product=los-partidos-politicos-i","title":{"rendered":"Los partidos pol\u00edticos I"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Que Los partidos pol\u00edticos es un cl\u00e1sico de la ciencia social ya ha sido demostrado varias veces. Max Weber, amigo \u00edntimo de Michels, bas\u00f3 en este libro el an\u00e1lisis de la estructura de los partidos pol\u00edticos legales. Sigmund Neumann escribi\u00f3: \u00abEl estudio de la sociolog\u00eda de los partidos pol\u00edticos ha estado enteramente dominado por la ley de hierro de las tendencias olig\u00e1rquicas de los movimientos sociales, de Robert Michels\u00bb.En estas p\u00e1ginas, el entonces joven soci\u00f3logo alem\u00e1n expuso lo que ha llegado a ser el argumento m\u00e1s importante contra el concepto rousseauniano de la democracia popular directa, que fundamenta gran parte de la teor\u00eda democr\u00e1tica y socialista tradicionales. Michels sostiene que el mal funcionamiento de la democracia no result\u00f3 de un bajo nivel de desarrollo social y econ\u00f3mico, una educaci\u00f3n insuficiente o el sometimiento de la opini\u00f3n p\u00fablica en el capitalismo. Seg\u00fan \u00e9l, la oligarqu\u00eda, el dominio de un partido, una instituci\u00f3n cualquiera o una sociedad por quienes est\u00e1n en la cumbre, es parte intr\u00ednseca de la burocracia de la organizaci\u00f3n en gran escala. \u00abQuien dice organizaci\u00f3n dice oligarqu\u00eda\u00bb.\u00bfHay una respuesta frente a esta ley de hierro? \u00bfLa democracia es un ideal ut\u00f3pico? \u00bfLos esfuerzos por crear sociedades socialistas libres desembocar\u00e1n inevitablemente en una nueva tiran\u00eda? Los partidos pol\u00edticos tiene toda la traza de un libro pesimista, pero en realidad no hace sino marcar, indispensablemente, la presencia de un mal que ha de desterrarse aunque sea con dolor para crear instituciones m\u00e1s nobles. Por eso conviene subrayar algo que el autor insert\u00f3 al final de su trabajo: \u00abS\u00f3lo un examen sereno y franco de los peligros olig\u00e1rquicos de la democracia nos permitir\u00e1 reducirlos al m\u00ednimo, aun cuando jam\u00e1s puedan ser del todo eliminados\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Robert Michels<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"product_brand":[23],"product_cat":[5808,5807,5806,15718],"product_tag":[5874,5856],"class_list":["post-32635","product","type-product","status-publish","product_brand-epub-paradise","product_cat-ebooks","product_cat-epub","product_cat-espanol","product_cat-robert-michels","product_tag-ciencias-sociales","product_tag-filosofia","desktop-align-center","tablet-align-left","mobile-align-center","first","instock","taxable","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-variable"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - 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